| Mohs hardness | Mineral | Chemical formula | Absolute hardness |
| 1 | Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 | 1 |
| 2 | Gypsum | CaSO4·2H2O | 3 |
| 3 | Calcite | CaCO3 | 9 |
| 4 | Fluorite | CaF2 | 21 |
| 5 | Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(OH–,Cl–,F–) | 48 |
| 6 | Orthoclase Feldspar | KAlSi3O8 | 72 |
| 7 | Quartz | SiO2 | 100 |
| 8 | Topaz | Al2SiO4(OH–,F–)2 | 200 |
| 9 | corundum | Al2O3 | 400 |
| 10 | Diamond | C | 1600 |